Abstract
Objective
Maternal serum and umbilical cord (UC) lipid and glucose levels are influenced by
a variety of maternal factors over the course of pregnancy, including maternal physical
activity (PA) levels and gestational weight gain (GWG). However, previous research
has not assessed the interaction of these 2 variables. This study investigated mid-gestation
(24–28 weeks) and late gestation (34–38 weeks) maternal and UC serum lipid and glucose
profiles in relation to maternal PA status and GWG, independently and in combination.
Methods
This study had a longitudinal design. Pregnant participants (n = 40) were categorized
as active or inactive based on the 2019 Canadian Guideline for Physical Activity throughout
Pregnancy, and GWG was categorized as insufficient, appropriate, or excessive based
on 2009 Institute of Medicine recommendations. Fasting maternal serum was taken in
mid- and late gestation, and venous UC serum was taken at birth.
Results
No relationship was found between maternal serum values and PA and/or GWG. Infants
born to individuals who were physically active across pregnancy, or who were active
in mid-pregnancy and had their activity status drop in late gestation, had lower UC
total cholesterol levels than those who were inactive throughout pregnancy (P < 0.0001). Participants who had gained weight appropriately at mid-gestation had
significantly lower UC glucose levels than those who gained weight insufficiently
(P = 0.040) or excessively (P = 0.021).
Conclusion
In our study, PA, and GWG (independently and in combination) may not have affected
maternal serum; however, meeting PA recommendations at mid-gestation may provide prophylactic
effects on UC serum, potentially providing long-term health benefits to the newborn.
Résumé
Objectif
La lipidémie et la glycémie du sang maternel et du sang de cordon sont influencées
par divers facteurs maternels tout au long de la grossesse, notamment le niveau d’activité
physique maternelle (APM) et le gain de poids gestationnel (GPG). Cependant, aucune
recherche n’a encore évalué l’interaction entre ces deux variables. Cette étude examine
les bilans lipidiques et glycémiques à mi-grossesse (24–28 SA) et en fin de grossesse
(34–38 SA) par rapport au niveau d’APM et au GPG, pris indépendamment et en association.
Méthodologie
Cette étude a été menée selon un modèle longitudinal. Les participantes enceintes
(n = 40) ont été classées actives ou inactives d’après l’édition 2019 des Directives
canadiennes en matière d’activité physique pendant la grossesse, et le GPG a été classé
insuffisant, adéquat ou excessif d’après les recommandations de 2009 de l’Institute
of Medicine. Un prélèvement de sang maternel a été réalisé à jeun à mi-grossesse et
en fin de grossesse, et un prélèvement de sang de cordon veineux a été effectué à
la naissance.
Résultats
Aucune association n’a été établie entre les valeurs sériques maternelles et le niveau
d’APM et/ou le GPG. Chez les nourrissons nés de mères physiquement actives tout au
long de la grossesse ou actives à mi-grossesse avec une diminution d’activité en fin
de grossesse, la cholestérolémie au sang de cordon était plus faible que chez ceux
nés de mères inactives tout au long de la grossesse (P < 0,0001). Les participantes ayant un GPG adéquat à mi-grossesse présentaient une
plus faible glycémie au sang de cordon que celles ayant un GPG insuffisant (P = 0,040) ou excessif (P = 0,021).
Conclusion
Dans notre étude, le niveau d’APM et le GPG (indépendamment et en association) n’ont
peut-être pas eu d’effet sur les valeurs sériques maternelles; toutefois, le respect
des recommandations d’APM à mi-grossesse pourrait avoir un effet prophylactique sur
les valeurs au sang de cordon et possiblement apporter des bienfaits à long terme
pour la santé du nouveau-né.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 07, 2022
Accepted:
September 7,
2022
Received:
July 8,
2022
Footnotes
Disclosures: The authors report no conflict of interest.
Each author has indicated they meet the journal’s requirements for authorship.
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada/La Société des obstétriciens et gynécologues du Canada. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
