Abstract
Objective
To characterize the incidence and risk factors associated with maternal suicide during
the peripartum period in an Alberta population. Our secondary objective was to characterize
the incidence and risk factors associated with traumatic death in this same population.
Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study compared all-cause mortality with death by trauma
(suicide, homicide, MVA, drug toxicity) using data collected by the Alberta Perinatal
Health Program from 1998 to 2015. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics.
The maternal mortality rate was calculated, and χ2 tests were used to determine between group differences with the statistical significance
set at P < 0.05.
Results
There were 206 perinatal maternal deaths in Alberta from 1998 to 2015; 68 (33%) were
due to trauma, 17 (8%) were the result of suicide, 4 (2%) were the result of homicide,
and 24 (12%) were related to drug toxicity. The pregnancy-related maternal mortality
rate for suicide up to 365 days after birth was 2.05 deaths per 100 000 deliveries.
Of these, 29.4% occurred during pregnancy and 70.6%, in the first year postpartum.
For homicides, 62.5% of occurred in pregnancy and 37.5% occurred in the first year
postpartum.
Conclusion
Close to 1 in 5 maternal deaths in Alberta is related to suicide or drug toxicity.
We must escalate strategies to prevent deaths from suicide and drug toxicity, as well
as increase funding for mental health and addictions screening and treatment.
Résumé
Objectifs
Caractériser la fréquence et les facteurs de risque associés au suicide maternel en
période péripartum dans une population de l'Alberta. Notre objectif secondaire était
de caractériser la fréquence et les facteurs de risque associés à la mort traumatique
dans cette même population.
Méthodologie
Il s'agit d'une étude de cohorte rétrospective comparant la mortalité toutes causes
confondues avec la mort traumatique (suicide, homicide, accident de véhicule, toxicité
médicamenteuse) à partir de données recueillies par le programme de santé périnatale
de l'Alberta (Alberta Perinatal Health Program) de 1998 à 2015. Les données ont été
résumées à l'aide de statistiques descriptives. Le taux de mortalité maternelle a
été calculé et les tests du Chi2 ont été utilisés pour déterminer les différences entre les groupes avec la signification
statistique définie à P < 0,05.
Résultats
Il y a eu 206 morts maternelles périnatales en Alberta de 1998 à 2015. De ce nombre,
68 (33 %) étaient attribuables à un traumatisme; 17 (8 %), au suicide; 4 (2 %), à
un homicide; et 24 (12 %), à une toxicité médicamenteuse. Le taux de mortalité maternelle
liée à la grossesse pour le suicide dans les 365 jours après la naissance était de
2,05 morts pour 100 000 accouchements. De ce nombre, 29,4 % se sont produits pendant
la grossesse et 70,6 %, dans la première année post-partum. Pour ce qui est des homicides,
62,5 % se sont produits pendant la grossesse et 37,5 %, dans la première année post-partum.
Conclusion
Près de 1 mort maternelle sur 5 en Alberta est liée au suicide ou à la toxicité médicamenteuse.
Nous devons intensifier nos stratégies pour prévenir les morts par suicide et par
toxicité médicamenteuse et augmenter le financement pour le dépistage et le traitement
en matière de santé mentale et de toxicomanie.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 04, 2020
Footnotes
Disclosures: The authors declare they have nothing to disclose.
All authors have indicated that they meet the journal's requirements for authorship.
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada/La Société des obstétriciens et gynécologues du Canada. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
