ABSTRACT
The prevalence of electronic nicotine delivery systems, such as vaping, is a growing
public health concern, and there is limited information on the use of these devices
during pregnancy. The objective of this rapid review was to summarize the available
literature on human studies of the potential maternal or fetal health effects of vaping
or women's perceptions of vaping during pregnancy.
A systematic search was completed in the following databases: Medline, EMBASE, Scopus,
Web of Science, and CINAHL. A search strategy was developed combining the terms pregnancy and vaping. Findings were divided into two groups and summarized as: 1) Health outcomes following
vaping during pregnancy; and 2) Perceptions pregnant women have related to vaping
during pregnancy. A total of 760 articles were retrieved and, after applying the inclusion/exclusion
criteria and screening, 19 studies were included. Five included studies provided evidence
on potential health outcomes and 14 were focused on perceptions.
There is emerging evidence that vaping during pregnancy may increase the risk of small
for gestational age newborns. Pregnant women generally report that they used vaping
products during pregnancy for smoking cessation and perceived that this was a healthier
alternative to traditional cigarettes. Overall, there was consensus that there is
a lack of information on maternal and fetal health outcomes following vaping during
pregnancy. Based on the findings of this rapid review, there is an urgent need for
high-quality studies in pregnant women to evaluate the potential in utero and long-term
effects of exposure to prenatal vaping.
RÉSUMÉ
La prévalence de la cigarette électronique, notamment le vapotage, est une préoccupation
grandissante de santé publique, et il y a peu de renseignements sur l'utilisation
de ces dispositifs pendant la grossesse. L'objectif de cet examen rapide est de résumer
la littérature disponible sur les études réalisées sur des sujets humains afin de
connaître les effets potentiels du vapotage sur la santé maternelle ou fœtale ou la
perception des femmes du vapotage pendant la grossesse.
Une recherche systématique a été effectuée dans les bases de données suivantes : Medline,
Embase, Scopus, Web of Science et CINAHL. La stratégie de recherche s'appuyait sur
les termes pregnancy et vaping. Les observations ont été divisées en deux groupes et résumées comme suit : 1) les
résultats cliniques en cas de vapotage pendant la grossesse; 2) les perceptions des
femmes enceintes du vapotage pendant la grossesse. En tout, 760 articles ont été sélectionnés;
après l'application des critères d'inclusion et d'exclusion et le triage, 19 études
ont été retenues. Parmi les études retenues, 5 fournissaient des données probantes
sur des résultats cliniques possibles et 14 portaient sur les perceptions.
De nouvelles données probantes suggèrent que le vapotage pendant la grossesse peut
augmenter le risque de nouveau-nés petits pour l’âge gestationnel. Les femmes enceintes
signalent généralement qu'elles ont utilisé des produits de vapotage pendant la grossesse
pour cesser de fumer et qu'elles percevaient ce choix comme une option plus saine
par rapport au tabagisme traditionnel. Dans l'ensemble, il existe un consensus voulant
qu'il y ait un manque d'information sur les résultats cliniques pour la mère et le
fœtus en cas de vapotage pendant la grossesse. D'après les observations issues de
cet examen rapide, il apparaît urgent d'effectuer des études de haute qualité chez
les femmes enceintes afin d’évaluer les effets potentiels in utero et à long terme
de l'exposition au vapotage prénatal.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 10, 2020
Footnotes
Disclosures: T.S.N. is funded by a Mitacs post-doctoral fellowship supported by the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada.
All authors have indicated that they meet the journal's requirements for authorship.
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada/La Société des obstétriciens et gynécologues du Canada. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
