Résumé
Objectif
Fardeau de La souffrance
Issues
Preuves
Valeurs
Recommandations
- 1En raison de La nature complexe et de l'evolution multifactorielle de son état courant, La DPC devrait être de plus en plus incorporee aux programmes de formation des professionnels de La sante (etudlants de medecine, residents, infirmieres, physiotherapeutes, speclalistes) (Ill-B).
- 1Une anamnese exhaustive (qui favorise La conflance entre le fournisseur de soins et La patiente) et un examen physique centre sur La douleur devraient faire partie de I'evaluation complete de La patiente présentant une DPC (Ill-B).
- 2La mesure clinique du degre de douleur devrait etre effectuee dans le cadre de chacune des consultations ayant pour objet La DPC (11-B).
- 3Deux questions simples et efficaces peuvent etre posees a La patiente : « Selon une echelle allant de 0 a 10 (0 representant l'absence de douleur et 10 representant La pire douleur imaginable), comment evalueriez-vous votre douleur aujourd'hui et comment evalueriez-vous La douleur que vous ressentiez il y a deux semaines? ». II est important de fournir une situation de reference (telle que « une douleur si intense qu'il vous est impossible de prendre soin de vos enfants, lesquels font a ce moment face a un danger imminent ») pour illustrer La valeur 10 (11-B).
- 4L'examen physique peut etre mene de fa90n differente pour ces patientes, soit en accordant une attention particuliere a chacune des structures pelviennes, et ce, en vue de faciliter La differenclation des sources de douleur. Le depistage d'une region focale de sensibilite peut contribuer a La determination du traitement indique (11-B).
- 5En raison de La prevalence elevee des problemas coexistants (problemas de sante mentale et autres problemas psychologiques importants) et des sequelles de La DPC, les gynecologues et les omnipraticiens devraient integrer, a leur pratique habituelle, le depistage du syndrome de douleur chronique chez leurs patientes et orienter celles-ci vers des ressources appropriees, le cas echeant (II-2A).
- 6L'acces a La prise en charge multidisciplinaire de La douleur chronique devrait etre assure, pour les femmes presentant une DPC, au sein du systeme public de soins de sante dans chacune des provinces et chacun des territoires du Canada (Ill-B).
- 1La laparoscopie assistee par La patiente devrait faire l'objet d'essais cliniques (Ill-C).
- 1Le recours a l'hysterectomie (avec conservation des ovaires) pour La prise en charge de l'endometriose ou de l'adenomyose peut s'averer une solution de rechange acceptable. La patiente devrait etre avisee des consequences possibles (syndrome de l'ovaire residuel, douleur persistante et reactivation de l'endometriose) d'une telle intervention (11-2A).
- 2La decision d'avoir recours a La kystectomie ovarienne, plutot qu'a l'ovariectomie, devrait etre personnalisee, en fonction de l'age et des souhaits de La patiente, des questions entourant La fertilite et de La faisabilite chirurgicale (II-3B).
- 3La prise en charge des fibromas uterins symptomatiques devrait respecter les directives cliniques de La Societe des obstetriclans et gynecologues du Canada (II-3B).
- 4La prise en charge de La torsion annexielle devrait etre determinee en fonction de I'age et des souhaits de La patiente, des questions entourant La fertilite et de La faisabilite chirurgicale (II-3B).
- 5Puisque, en présence d'une hormonotherapie substitutive (HTS), le taux de recurrence de l'endométriose chez les femmes qui subissent une hysterectomie accompagnee d'une salpingo ovariectomie bilaterale (SOB) est tres faible, I'HTS ne devrait pas etre contre-indiquee (1-B).
- 6Chez les femmes dont l'uterus est intact, lorsqu'une hysterectomie totale n'a pu etre effectuee en raison de difficultes techniques, La recurrence de l'endométriose entraine La centre-indication du recours a I'HTS (1-B).
- 7En présence de symptômes graves et face a l'echec des autres traitements, le recours a l'hysterectomie peut s'avérer indique lorsque le maintien de La fertilite n'est plus souhaite (1-B).
- 8Les anomalies (poches) peritoneales pelviennes sont frequemment associées a l'endométriose et devraient faire I'objet d'une prise en charge chirurgicale (11-B).
- 9L'endosalpingiose constitue un resultat histologique accessoire et ne semble pas necessiter une prise en charge particuliere (II-2B).
- 10Les résultats actuels ne soutiennent pas l'execution systematique d'une adhesiolyse en présence d'une douleur pelvienne chronique. Cependant, le recours à la laparoscopie dlagnostique demeure utile (1-B).
- 1Le recours à la cystoscopie effectuee par des speclalistes formes, avec ou sans laparoscopie dlagnostique, devrait etre envisage lorsque I'on soupçonne La présence d'une cystite interstitielle (CI) (Ill-B).
- 2Les femmes présentant une douleur pelvienne chronique necessitent une évaluation gynecologique, urologique, gastroenterologique et psychologique detaillee. Une évaluation appropriee peut mener a ''I'adoption d'un traitement optimal et a La diminution du nombre d'interventions inutiles (Ill-B).
- 1Les fournisseurs de soins de sante devraient accroitre leurs connaissances au sujet du dysfonctionnement myofasclal a titre decause de La douleur pelvienne chronique (DPC), ainsi qu'au sujet des options de traitement disponibles (IB).
- 2Les patientes devraient participer a La prise en charge de La DPC attribuable a un dysfonctionnement myofasclal, en ayant activement recours a un programme d'etirement et d'exercice mis en ceuvre a La maison (II-2B).
- 1Le traitement aux opio"ldes peut etre envisage pour La maitrise de La douleur; toutefois, il doit etre mis en ceuvre sous une supervision adéquate (II-3B).
- 2Le traitement hormonal de La douleur pelvienne chronique d'origine gynecologique (y compris au moyen de contraceptifs oraux, de progestatifs, de danazol et d'agonistes de La gonadoliberine) a fait I'objet d'études approfondies et devrait etre envisage a titre de traitement de première intention pour de nombreuses femmes, particulierement celles qui sont aux prises avec une endométriose (I et II-1A).
- 3Les medicaments adjuvants, tels que les antidepresseurs et les antibiotiques, peuvent contribuer a La prise en charge de situations particulieres (II-3B).
- 1II faudrait se preoccuper de l'absence d'essais cliniques solides portant sur La prise en charge chirurgicale de La douleur pelvienne chronique. L'utilisation de modeles epidemiologiques différents, dont les essais cas-témoins et cohortes-témoins, devrait etre envisagee (III-A).
- 2II semble indique de preciser le role de l'appendicectomie et de La neurectomie antero-sacree dans La prise en charge de La douleur associee a l'endometriose (111-A).
- 1La prise en charge multidisciplinaire de La douleur chronique devrait etre offerte, aux femmes presentant une douleur pelvienne chronique, dans le cadre du systeme public de soins de sante de chacune des provinces et de chacun des territoires du Canada (Ill-B).
- 1Le curriculum du perfectionnement professionnel devrait etre elargi en vue d'inclure La theorie et les techniques propres a La prise en charge du dysfonctionnement myofasclal (A).
- 2La recherche au sujet de La DPC devrait etre favorisee, particulierement dans les domaines de La therapla genique, de La pathophysiologie du dysfonctionnement myofasclal et des effets de La DPC sur l'utilisation des services de sante. Puisque La tenue d'essais randomises pour l'obtention de résultats qualitatifs s'avere extremement difficile, des modeles de rechange robustes (tels que des essais cas-témoins ou cohortes-témoins) devraient etre envisages (A).
- 3Des methodes visant a ameliorer l'interaction avec les patientes devraient etre explorees. Elles pourraient comprendre des approches contractuelles formelles quant a La prise en charge de La douleur a l'aide d'oplaces, ainsi que des efforts visant a mieux comprendre les besoins perçus par les patientes (A).
Mots clés
- pelvic pain
- myofasclal pain syndromes
- endometriosis
- endosalpingiosis
- adenomyosis
- pelvic peritoneal defects
- pelvic inflammatory disease
- adhesions
- ovarlan cysts
- residual ovary syndrome
- ovarlan remnant syndrome
- pelvic congestion syndrome
- hysterectomy
- uterine fibroids
- adnexal torsion
- diagnostic imaging
- laparoscopy
- hormonal treatment
- complementary therapies
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Le présent document correspond aux avancées cliniques et scientifiques qui se dessinaient au moment de sa publication et est susceptible d'être modifié. Les renseignements qu'il contient ne doivent pas être considérés comme les seuls traitements ou les seules interventions à suivre. Les établissements locaux peuvent imposer des modifications aux opinions ci-incluses. Toute modification apportée par un établissement local doit être bien documentée. Le contenu du présent document ne peut être reproduit d'aucune manière, en tout ou en partie, sans l'autorisation écrite préalable de l'éditeur.
Chaque personne a le droit et la responsabilité de prendre des décisions éclairées relativement aux soins qu'elle reçoit en partenariat avec ses fournisseurs de soins de santé. Pour aider les patientes à faire un choix éclairé, il faut leur fournir un soutien et des renseignements qui reposent sur des données probantes, sont adaptés à leur culture et correspondent à leurs besoins.
La présente directive clinique utilise un langage qui place les femmes au centre des soins. Cela dit, la SOGC est déterminée à respecter les droits de chaque personne, y compris les personnes transgenres, non binaires ou intersexuées, à qui la directive clinique pourrait s'appliquer. La SOGC encourage les fournisseurs de soins de santé à s'engager dans une conversation respectueuse avec les patientes relativement à leur identité de genre, car cette approche joue un r^le crucial dans la prestation de soins sécuritaires et appropriés. Les valeurs, croyances et besoins individuels de chaque patiente et de sa famille doivent être pris en compte, et l'ultime décision de la patiente quant à ses options de soins et de traitements doit être respectée.